The United States of Cuteness: Part 2 – Hawaii to Maryland

Of course, when it comes to cute animals, you can’t always please everyone. Sure, the sea otter might be perfect for California since it’s the center of the animal’s conservation efforts. But I put in the Island Fox because it’s only found on the state’s Channel Islands. While sea otters could be found in other states like Alaska and Washington. While the sea otter will come much later. Then there’s the fact that a cute critter must fit the state as you can see with the American Pika in Colorado and the West Indian Manatee with Florida. In this post we’ll meet ten more cute creatures from these United States. You’ll meet a sea turtle in Hawaii, a little bunny in Idaho, a couple of skunks in Illinois and Kentucky, a mink in Indiana, a frog in Louisiana, a favorite seabird in Maine, and squirrels in Iowa, Kansas, and Maryland.

11. Hawaii

Green Sea Turtle (Chelonia mydas)

Why the Cutest: This creature always had special meaning to native Hawaiians, said to symbolize a navigator that can find its way home time after time. Some Hawaiian legends said it was the first to guide the Polynesians to the Hawaiian Islands. Hawaiians revere the Kailua, a turtle that could take the form of a girl at will. It’s also regarded as gentle and friendly but not one you can pet. While the baby turtles are especially adorable.

Lifespan: It’s said that most don’t make it to sexual maturity. A significant number don’t make it to the ocean while it’s said many more die as juveniles. But should a Green Sea Turtle be among the 1% who become ready to smash (which might take about 20-50 years), it could expect to live up to 80 years in the wild. Predators include gulls, crabs, sharks, small marine mammals, red foxes, and golden jackals. Parasites include barnacles, leeches, protozoans, cestodes, nematodes, and fipropapilloma.

Location and Habitat: Lives in all temperate and tropical parts of the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans as well as within coastal beaches, inshore bays, lagoons, and shoals with lush seagrass meadows. Entire generations migrate between feeding and nesting areas.

Diet: Varies with age. Young turtles eat fish and their eggs, sea hare eggs, hydrozoans, bryozoans, mollusks, jellyfish, small invertebrates, echinoderms, tunicates, insects, worms, sponges, algae, sea grasses, leaves, tree bark, and crustaceans. Older sea turtles eat green and red algae, red moss, freshwater red algae, lobster horns, sea lettuce, green seaweed, crinkle grass, sea grasses, and wetland plants.

Behavior: Often return to breed and lay eggs at the beaches where they were born though only females move up along the high tide line. Females control the mating process in the water with a few populations even practicing polyandry. Females lay a clutch around 85-200 eggs in a hole they dig. When eggs hatch (which is often at night), hatchlings move directly towards the water. A significant number don’t make it to the ocean due to predation.

Conservation Status: Although it’s listed as Least Concern, its population has suffered due to hunting, poaching, egg harvesting, habitat loss, pollution, and climate change.

Trivia: It spends almost its whole life submerged and have an efficient respiratory system that allows it to quickly replace air in its lungs after surfacing for a few seconds. It can also sleep underwater for hours at a time. Can swim up to 40 mph, making it the fast sea turtle. Also, plays an essential role in ecosystems regarding seagrass beds by eating only the tops. Its efforts provide a habitat for many species of fish and crustaceans.

Other Candidates: Puffer Fish, Hawaiian Monk Seal, Hawaiian Spinner Dolphin, ‘I’iwi, Happy Face Spider, Jackson’s, Chameleon, and Gold Dust Day Gecko.

12. Idaho

Pygmy Rabbit (Sylvilagus idahoensis)

Why the Cutest: It’s a Rocky Mountain critter that belongs in a children’s storybook as well as the world’s smallest rabbit. This fuzzy, grapefruit-sized Idaho potato exhibit short ears and soft gray-brown fur.  While southeastern Idaho is full of these spud muffins.

Lifespan: Most usually don’t last long with the highest adult mortality being in late winter and early spring. Juvenile mortality peaks during the summer. In fact, average lifespan is said to be less than 2 years in the wild and up to 3-5 years in captivity. Common causes of death are harsh winters and heavy predation. Predators include weasels, coyotes, red foxes, American badgers, bobcats, great horned owls, and northern harriers.

Location and Habitat: Lives in most of the Great Basin and some of the adjacent intermountain areas of western North America. Normally found in areas on deep soil with tall, dense sagebrush which it uses for shelter and food. Often restricted to areas with heavy shrub cover, primarily in big sagebrush and rabbitbrush communities. Sites also include plants like greasewood, antelope bitterbrush, threetip sagebrush, low rabbitbrush, gray horsebrush, prickly phlox, thick spike wheatgrass, plains reedgrass, sedges, prairie junegrass, Sandberg bluegrass, bluegrass, needle-and-thread grass, western yarrow, rosy pussytoes, milkvetch, arrowleaf balsamroot, buckwheat, tailcup lupine, phlox, bitterbrush, and sulfurflower.

Diet: Primarily eats big sagebrush which comprises 99% of its winter diet. Grasses and forbs are often summer food for this critter. Menu also includes rubber rabbitbrush, winterfat, Indian ricegrass, thick spike wheatgrass, bluebunch wheatgrass, Sandberg bluegrass, and needlegrass.

Behavior: Breeding season lasts from February through May. Litter size is typically 6 and as many as 3 litters could be produced per year. Most active around dusk and dawn but could be active at any time. But usually rests in burrows at midday.

Conservation Status: Although currently listed as Least Concern, it’s particularly vulnerable to habitat destruction due to its reliance on big sagebrush which can be destroyed in brush fires or cleared in agricultural developments. An isolated population is also known to live in the Columbia River drainage basin which faced significant declines due to small size and inbreeding. Only to be reintroduced in 2015 thanks to interstate efforts.

Trivia: One of 2 rabbit species in North America that could dig its own burrow. Burrows are often on the slopes at the base of sagebrush plants with tunnels widening below the surface forming chambers and extend to a depth to 3.3ft. On average, these burrows have 4-5 entrances, sometimes as few as 2 or as many as 10. In shallow soil, it could live in holes among volcanic rocks, in stone walls, around abandoned buildings, and in used burrows made by American Badgers and Yellow-Bellied Marmots. Can venture as far as 300ft from its burrow. During winter, it often tunnels under snow to find food, which can be quite extensive and extend from one sagebrush to another.

Other Candidates: American Pika, Yellow-Bellied Marmot, American Badger, North American River Otter, Red Fox, and Least Weasel.

13. Illinois

Striped Skunk (Mephitis mephitis)

Why the Cutest: Since the Cree and Objibwe shee-gawk is the root word for Chicago, which means “skunk-land,” it might as well represent the Land of Lincoln. Sure, it may be a controversial choice due to its reputation as a little stinker with “don’t make me do it energy” when up against predators and oncoming traffic. While Native American myth and oral tradition may feature them as heroes, villains, tricksters, and monsters. However, it shares popular traits with cats and dogs such as round faces, big dark eyes, tiny paws, and soft fur. Its playful waddles and curious nature could only capture a human heart. While its black and white stripes make it look distinctly cartoonish, like little masked characters. And if you think this little stinker is hard to resist as an adult, wait until you see what its kits look like.

Lifespan: Usually lives around 2-4 years in the wild though some have lived as long as 6-7 years. Though it has a high first-year mortality rate due to severe weather, disease, and starvation. While it can survive 10-15 years in captivity. Aside from birds of prey, it has no natural predators aside from birds of prey since most mammal apex predators don’t want to get sprayed. Though cougars, bobcats, foxes, coyotes, and badgers will hunt one if they’re absolutely starving. It’s also very vulnerable to motor vehicles due to poor night vision. One of the major carriers of rabies, second to raccoons.

Location and Habitat: Lives in southern Canada, most of the lower United States 48, and northern Mexico. Inhabits a variety of habitats like mixed woodlands, brushy corners, open fields interspersed with wooded ravines and rocky outcrops. Some populations such as northwestern Illinois, prefer cultivated areas over uncultivated ones.

Diet: Primarily eats insects like grasshoppers, beetles, crickets, caterpillars, along with other insect larvae and bees. Other invertebrates include worms, crayfish, and other non-insect arthropods. During winter and spring, it often supplements its diet with white-footed mice, voles, along with ground nesting eggs and chicks. Not to mention, amphibians, reptiles, carrion, and fish. In addition, it’s also known to eat apples, blueberries, black cherries, ground cherries, corn and nightshade. Thus, though it prefers grubs, it’s game for basically anything.

Behavior: Unlike what you might see in Bambi, a single male may have a harem of several females that he mates with once a year and defends against other males for over a month. So less Flower and more like Pepe LePew. Once mating is done, the pregnant females return to their dens as the males try to build their fat reserves. Females can produce 2-12 kits per litter but usually 5-6. Although one in Pennsylvania was said to give birth to 18. Can dig its own den but will appropriate any those abandoned by other animals should the opportunity present itself. These dens will only be used in late fall, winter, and early spring, but females with unweaned kits often hold onto them up to the summer. In more human-modified surroundings, it often digs a den in fencerows, mainly because it’s less likely to be disturbed by livestock and machinery. Though it’s common for a single male and multiple females to occupy a single den. Doesn’t fully hibernate in the winter since it will forage in short periods while living off fat reserves, which will result in it losing 50% of its body weight by springtime. Although it’s known for its chemical musk spray against predators, it is mostly a weapon of last resort.

Conservation Status: Listed as Least Concern due to its wide range and ability to adapt to human-modified environments. Although they often fall victims to traffic accidents when crossing a road. Not to mention, highly sought after primarily for its fur and later farmed. Trappers, Chinese immigrants and Native Americans ate them. While Chinese immigrants used its gall bladders as medicine. Its fat was once used as a lubricant. While its musk was once employed as a remedy for asthma, despite its very strong odor being better suited for warding off unwanted suitors. Some are even kept as pets with their stinkers removed or as pest control.

Trivia: Has 13 subspecies. Can use its sharp claws to tear away rotting logs and dig in the soil to find bugs and other prey.

Other Candidates: American Mink, North American River Otter, American Badger, Eastern Chipmunk, and Southern Flying Squirrel.

14. Indiana

American Mink (Neogale vison)

Why the Cutest: The American Mink is an adorable little sausage often exploited for its fur industry. Especially when it came to making coats, stoles, scarves, and trim. As a live animal, it’s highly adaptable in a variety of different environments. While its cuteness can’t be denied with its tiny face, short legs, and sleek body. Because once you see it, you’ll swear that it’s the only one on the block that should be wearing a mink coat it doesn’t have to give an arm and a leg for.

Lifespan: Usually lives 1-3 years in the wild due to disease, traps, hard winters, and predators. Though some could live up to 10 years, especially in captivity. Predators include large birds of prey, bobcats, coyotes, and massive snakes. Often carries tick and flea infestations. While Transmissible Mink Encephalopathy (TME) can prove deadly.

Location and Habitat: Native to most of Canada and the United States from Alaska to the Gulf of Mexico. Most habitats are in undisturbed, rocky coastal habitats with broad littoral zones and dense cover. Some are on estuaries, rivers and canals near urban areas. But as far as real estate goes, this little guy isn’t particularly fussy. As long as the property has an ideal den site that’s close to water.

Diet: Is an opportunistic carnivore that eats fish, crayfish, frogs, rodents, small mammals, birds, crustaceans, and eggs. Although it’s known to attack chicken coops, it only stops once it kills one.

Behavior: Breeding season lasts from February to April with males commonly fighting, which could result in loose, temporary dominance hierarchies governing access to receptive females. Is promiscuous and doesn’t form pair bonds, meaning that male has no role in the parenting. Average litter comprises of 4 kits. Although large litters of 11 and 16 have been reported. Is a solitary animal whose territories have minimal intrasex overlap but extensive intersex overlap. Dens consist of long burrows in river banks, holes under logs, tree stumps, or roots and hollow trees. Yet, it can also have dens in rock crevices, drains, nooks under stone piles and bridges. May nest in burrows once previously dug by badgers, muskrats, and skunks. May even dig burrows from old ant hills. Yet, its den could have a large number of entrances and twisting passages. Entrances can vary from 1-8. Only vocalizes during close encounters with other minks or predators. Emits piercing shrieks when threatened and muffled chuckling during mating. Kits repeatedly squeak when separated from their mothers. In aggressive interactions, it asserts dominance by arching its back, puffing up, lashing out its tail, and stomping and scraping the ground with its feet while opening its mouth in a threat gape. If its show is unsuccessful, fights may result in head or neck injuries.

Conservation Status: Classified as Least Concern. In areas where it was introduced for fur farms, it’s considered invasive, especially when it escapes one. However, it does have a history of being hunted and trapped for its furs as well as tamed as pets and for pest control.

Trivia: Has 15 subspecies. Has been found to be able to transmit the virus causing Covid 19. Is an excellent swimmer and agile climber capable of diving deep underwater to hunt.

Other Candidates: North American River Otter, American Badger, Eastern Chipmunk, Virginia Opossum, and Red Fox.

15. Iowa

Eastern Chipmunk (Tamias striatus)

Why the Cutest: With its small body and chubby cheeks, it has often been featured on cartoons for decades like Disney’s Chip and Dale or the brothers Alvin, Simon, and Theodore from Alvin and the Chipmunks. Makes cute noises such as chips, chucks, trills, whistles, squeals, and chatters. Its fast, darting runs make it fun and energetic to watch. When eating, it even holds tiny seeds or nuts in its front paws just like miniature squirrels.

Lifespan: Lives up to 3 years in the wild and up to 8 years in captivity. Predators include hawks, owls, foxes, raccoons, snakes, weasels, coyotes, lynx, domestic dogs, and domestic cats. Can also be a host to parasitic larvae of botflies.

Location and Habitat: Lives predominantly in southeastern Canada and the eastern United States to as far as eastern North Dakota and as south as northeastern Louisiana. Resides in deciduous wooded areas and urban parks. Prefers locations with rocky areas, brush, or log piles along with shrubs to provide cover.

Diet: Eats nuts, seeds, acorns, berries, mushrooms, insects, and occasional small eggs or frogs.

Behavior: Unlike what Disney may tell you, it doesn’t live in a tree or with a sibling. Rather, it’s a solitary creature who spends most of its time foraging on the ground in deciduous woods, brushy areas, and suburban yards. In fact, it digs complex underground tunnel systems that can stretch over 30ft, carefully concealing the entrances. Doesn’t fully hibernate during the winter (at least as we know it). Instead, it stays its burrow during cold weather, waking up periodically to eat from its stored food cache. More like sleeping all except for trips to the fridge. Stores items in its stretchy cheek pouches to transport food back to its underground storehouses. Active during the day. Only interacts with its own species during mating season or pups with their mother. Mating seasons are from February to April and from June to August. Females often produce 1-2 litters of 3-5 young.

Conservation Status: Currently listed as Least Concern as it’s basically a regular backyard sight.

Trivia: Molt once or twice annually.

Other Candidates: American River Otter, Southern Flying Squirrel, Red Fox, Eastern Cottontail Rabbit, American Mink, and Virginia Opossum.

16.  Kansas

Black-Tailed Prairie Dog (Cynomys ludovicianus)

Why the Cutest: Since Kansas is known as the Prairie State, there’s no better animal to represent it in the US of Cuteness than this little guy. This cunning, highly social rodent is famous for its expressive upright stances, complex communication, and adorable “greeting kisses.” Its “jump yip” display has it stretching up on its hind legs and throw its front paws in the air. Within its tight-knit family group, it spends a lot of time grooming and cuddling.

Lifespan: Usually lives 3-5 years though females can live 7-8 years in the wild. Can live 8-10 years or more in captivity. First year survival is 52%. Major causes of death included predation, disease, infanticide, habitat loss, poisoning, trapping, and shooting. Sylvatic plague can wipe out entire colonies within a few days. Also susceptible diseases brought by introduced animals. Predators include coyotes, American badgers, bobcats, golden eagles, ferruginous hawks, red-tailed hawks, prairie rattlesnakes, and black-footed ferrets.

Location and Habitat: Lives in the Great Plains from as north as Montana to as south as Texas. Resides in grassland habitats such as shortgrass prairie, mixed-grass prairie, sagebrush grass, and desert grassland. Habitat preferences influenced by vegetative cover type, slope, soil type, and rainfall amount.

Diet: Herbivorous. Prefers grass over forbs, which comprises of 75% of its diet. Menu includes western wheatgrass, buffalo grass, sedges, scarlet globemallow, Russian thistle, plains prickly pear, rabbitbrush, winterfat, saltbrush, and sagebrush.

Behavior: Is diurnal but doesn’t venture above ground as much when it rains or snows, or when the temperature exceeds 100º F. Spends much of its time either foraging or high alert constantly keeping watch for predators. Doesn’t fully hibernate during the winter, when it continues to leave the burrows to forage but sometimes enters a torpor state at night to conserve energy. This results in it losing 20% of its body weight during the fall and winter months. Lives in colonies, which could range from as little as 5 to thousands and may be subdivided into 2 or more wards based on topographic features like hills. Wards usually have 2 or more coteries which comprise of aggregates of highly territorial, harem-polygynous social groups. Individuals with coteries are often amicable with each other and hostile towards outsiders. Breeding season is usually in the spring. Females usually produce one litter of 3-5 young each year. Young males leave natal territory 12-14 after weaning.  Dig vast networks of burrows that are used for breeding, rearing young, and hiding from predators as well as are maintained for generations. Nests consists of fine, dried grass that’s collected by both sexes and all age classes. Most colonies usually contain 20-57 burrows per acre. Types of entrances are dome mounds, rimmed crater mounds, and entrances without structures around them. Entrances may prevent flooding and/or aid in ventilation. Compact soil with its nose.

Conservation Status: Listed as Least Concern although it has lost a lot of ground due to habitat loss due to agriculture and development, having a reputation as pests by ranchers, being seen as competitors for forage against livestock (despite research suggests that it has either a neutral and beneficial effect), and the pet trade. Colonies can also be wiped out by plague. Even though it’s not as in trouble as some grassland species, current numbers and occupied acreage are drastically below historical levels and likely to remain so in the foreseeable future. Mainly because while it may not be officially in danger, its grassland habitat and ecosystem it supports certainly is.

Trivia: Has been called an “ecosystem engineers” due to its influence on its habitat characteristics, landscape architecture, and ecosystem structure and function. That research suggests it to be a keystone species in a significant part of its range. This shit talking critter enhance diversity of flora and fauna through foraging and burrowing activities as well as its presence as prey. Grasslands inhabited by Black-Tailed Prairie Dogs support higher biodiversity than those without them. Also use a sophisticated communication system to describe specific predators. Has sensitive hearing at low frequencies to avoid predators.

Other Candidates: Virginia Opossum, Least Shrew, Eastern Cottontail, and Striped Skunk.

17. Kentucky

Eastern Spotted Skunk (Spilogale putorius)

Why the Cutest: It’s Kentucky’s official state non-game mammal. Compared to the Striped Skunk in the Illinois entry, it’s only as large as a good-sized tree squirrel and has a more weasel-like body. Making it resemble a miniature fluffy ferret. It also lifts its back legs in the air in a handstand before it sprays, which many find funny and adorable. While its spotted black and white give it a painted, cute style.

Lifespan: Usually live 1-2 years in the wild though many don’t survive their first year. Can live up to 10 years in captivity. Predators include big cats, bobcats, owls, and birds of prey.

Location and Habitat: Lives mainly in the American southeast and Midwest to the Dakotas and south Texas. Prefers forest edges and upland prairie grasslands, especially when rocky outcrops and shrub clumps are present. Can rely on riptarian corridors with woody shrubs and woodland edges as well as wooden fencerows, odd areas, and abandoned farm buildings.

Diet: Like the Striped Skunk, it eats practically anything such as insects, small mammals, bird eggs, fruits, berries, bees, and honey.

Behavior: Is nocturnal and more active on cool and dry nights than warm and wet ones. Doesn’t hibernate but greatly reduces activity during intense summer heatwaves and very cold winters. Is a secretive and elusive creature that humans rarely see in the wild. Breeding season is usually March and April while young are often born in May. Is generally polygynous. Females produce an average of 4-5 kits per litter. Underground dens can be shared by up to 8 of them during the winter. Burrows could be self-dug or previously abandoned.

Conservation Status: Listed as Vulnerable due to sharp declines in several states, particularly in the Midwest for unknown reasons. Since it was very quick to adapt to human settlement that it was frequently trapped until the mid-20th century, frequently seen in farmlands, and known to dig burrows under barn sides. Causes attributed include pesticide use, modernized farming techniques, over-trapping, habitat loss, and consolidation of barns and other manmade structures. Thus, it has become a rare creature of great conservation need.

Trivia: Tail counts for 1/3 of its total length. Can perform a handstand before a potential predator as well as does foot stomping to warn one approaching it that’s often followed by it spraying the odorous secretion. More agile and vigilant than other North American skunks. Can climb and take shelter in trees and jump.

Other Candidates: North American River Otter, Red Fox, Virginia Opossum, and Eastern Chipmunk.

18. Louisiana

American Green Tree Frog (Dryophytes cinereus or Hyla cinerea)

Why the Cutest: It’s Louisiana’s official state amphibian, which is a state known for swamps and the Mississippi Delta. And we all know that swamps are the place where frogs love to be. With big eyes, smiling mouth, chunky build, lime green skin, and suction cup toes, it often sits completely still like a little statue to wedge itself into silly, relaxed resting positions. While is slow, deliberate stretches and measured movements look endearingly awkward.

Lifespan: Usually live about 2-5 years in the wild. Can live up to 6 in captivity, though some have reached 15-20 years. As tadpoles, predators include sunfish, bass, and dragonflies. As adults, predators include snakes, birds, and other frogs. Also prone to parasites such as nematodes, protozoans, and trematodes.

Location and Habitat: Usually lives in the Southeastern United States from Delaware to central Texas. Prefers to reside in small, early successional canopy gaps in forests with a permanent water source and filled with plentiful vegetation and bottom-landed forested area. Found both in natural and settled environments, often sighted in backyards with ponds, in garages, or in garden structures. Commonly resides in cypress ponds, water lily prairies, and marshes. Often seen perched on twigs, low branches, and grasses.

Diet: Primarily insectivores that mostly eat flies, mosquitoes, grasshoppers, cockroaches, spiders, beetles, crickets, and ants. Usually through nighttime ambush foraging. Though ingesting plant material isn’t uncommon.

Behavior: Is relatively sedentary and often stays within its localized home range. May venture to nearby woodlands in wetter regions but remains near water source in dry conditions. Will defend mate calling sites against foreign rivals and invaders using aggressive interactions. This can comprise of a combination of aggressive call signals and wrestling from males. Females usually breed once a year, though some have multiple clutches during a single mating season. A single clutch could contain as many as 400-1,200 eggs which females often lay in permanent bodies of water. Males use distinctive advertising calls to attract mates, which they often have to tweak due to immense pressure to make a unique one guaranteed to attract a female before grasping onto her to begin fertilization. Females often prefer the larger males and the low frequency calls. Oh, and males are polygynous so they’ll do this to as many as they could attract. All while satellite males stand by and let other males do the work before making a move. While their calls can be heard as far as 1-2 kilometers away. Is small and easily frightened so it doesn’t do well with frequent handling. Is nocturnal.

Conservation Status: Listed as Least Concern but still face threats of habitat loss and climate change due to urbanization and severe wildfires. As forest canopies recover from wildfires, it needs alternative shelters with scientists in central Texas using PVC pipe artificial shelters.

Trivia: Can be used as bioindicators for aquatic contamination due to its thin skin. Can also be kept as pets.

Other Candidates: Swamp Rabbit, North American River Otter, Raccoon, and Virginia Opossum.

19. Maine

Atlantic Puffin (Fratercula arctica)

Why the Cutest: Maine is the only state in the entire US where this bird breeds and only on a chain of small islands in the Gulf of Maine, which is a major draw for tourists. All thanks to the restoration efforts of Project Puffin since 1973, which hadn’t had a single bird there since 1885 due to overhunting. Biologists got some chicks in Newfoundland, fed them for a month, and put them in artificial sod burrows on Easter Egg Rock Island from that year to 1986, translocating 954 chicks in all. Even used decoys to give the illusion that an established colony existed. The re-establishment of this nesting colony proved successful that 4,000 of those birds nest on the islands off Maine’s coast each year. While the Seal Island National Wildlife Refuge has become one of the ultimate birder destinations. Called “clown of the sea” or “sea parrot” due to its striking appearance and large colorful bill, the Atlantic Puffin is a pigeon-sized seabird that spends most of its time bobbing in the ocean waves. Bright orange and red bills with expressive eye markings give it a cheerful, painted look along with that tuxedo plumage. Despite appearing graceful in air and water, it orchestrates clumsy landings and awkward waddling gaits on land. And who doesn’t like a puffin pair rubbing their bills together?

Lifespan: Usually live around 20-30 years. Predators include gulls, skuas, large fish, and seals. Prone to fleas and the guillemot tick.

Location and Habitat: Mostly lives in the North Atlantic, spending fall and winter in the open ocean and on coasts during the breeding season.

Diet: Mostly eat fish but can supplement with shrimp, crustaceans, molluscs, and polychaetae worms.

Behavior: Typically mates for life and returns to the exact same burrow year after year and restore bonds through billing (rubbing colorful bills together), nest building, and burrow repair. Though it can do some preening and guarding the burrow while waiting for its partner. Female only lays a single egg per year and both partners share incubation and parenting duties until the chick leaves the nest. Resides in clifftop nesting colonies during breeding season which is normally in the late spring and summer, which are often divided into sub colonies. Can dig its own burrow from a grassy clifftop or reuse existing holes. Lives a solitary existence at sea.

Conservation Status: Classified as Vulnerable due to historical overhunting, overfishing, ocean pollution like oil spills, and climate change limiting food supply.

Trivia: Can flap its wings 400 per minute and reach flying speeds of 55 mph. Molts at sea during the winter in which its brightly colored characteristics are lost before returning during the spring. Can be excellent bioindicators for ocean environment. Official bird symbol of Newfoundland and Labrador in Canada. Uses semi-extended wings as “paddles” to fly through the water and its feet as a rudder. Can swim fast, reach significant depths up to 200ft, and stay submerged for up to a minute. Can swallow small fish while submerged but must bring larger specimens to the surface before it could eat them. Can hold dozens of fish in its beak at one time. Beaks can glow under ultraviolet light.

Other Candidates: Black-Capped Chickadee, Snowshoe Hare, Northern Saw-Whet Owl, North American Porcupine, and Eastern Chipmunk.

20. Maryland

Delmarva Peninsula Fox Squirrel (Sciurus niger cinereus)

Why the Cutest: Maryland takes up much of the Delmarva Peninsula and had a lot to do with restoring this squirrel’s population. This is an extra-large and fluffy squirrel with thick, silvery fur, short nose, and round face that seems extra plump and cuddly. It’s also known to be very calm, slow moving, and relaxed compared to its more common jittery counterparts.

Lifespan: Typically lives 9-13 years in the wild but 18 years in captivity.  Most die within the first year.

Location and Habitat: Lives in eastern Maryland, Delaware, and Virginia along the Delmarva Peninsula. Preferred habitat are mature hardwood and pine forests with open understories.

Diet: Eats nuts and seeds from many trees like oak, hickory, sweet gum, walnut, loblolly pine along with green pine cones.

Behavior: Make dens in tree hollows where it makes a nest of leaves and twigs in the tree’s crotch, in a trunk’s tangled vines, or near the end of a large branch. Mating occurs late winter and early spring. Females produce a litter of 1-6 young which she raises herself. Diurnal and non-territorial. Is asocial and solitary, coming into contact with its own kind during breeding season.

Conservation Status: Currently listed as Vulnerable due to habitat loss in extensive development that only 10% of its historical population was still around by the 1960s. Numbers have recover within the next several decades thanks to some habitat restoration efforts but there’s still plenty of work to be done.

Trivia: Use trees to elude predators. Said to have a large vocabulary of clucking and chucking sounds. Warn of approaching threats with distress screams and high-pitched whines during mating. Stands upright with tail over back when in contact with another fox squirrel. But most vocalization comprises barks.

Other Candidates: North American River Otter, American Mink, Least Weasel, Piping Plover, and Raccoon.

The United States of Cuteness: Part 1 – Alabama to Georgia

Although cuteness is often subjective, it’s also a common feature in the animal kingdom. In many nature documentaries, you’ll find plenty of adorable creatures that will warm, melt, or break your heart. But if you live in the United States of America, know that there are plenty of cute creatures out there and you don’t always need to go to a zoo to see them. In this series, we’ll look at the fifty of the most adorable creatures from the United States. But first, each cute creatures must follow a certain criteria:

  1. Must be an adult – although there are plenty of cute babies animals out there, they don’t always stay that way. For instance, many species of seal pups are irresistibly cute but they don’t always retain much of the cuteness when they get older. So the animal has to be cute in adult form in order to qualify.
  2. Must be wild – sure, we all think pets and farm animals are adorable, but we can’t have any pet or livestock breeds. Thus, the animals have to live in a wild setting. Feral animals don’t count because they’re once domesticated.
  3. Must be native – in other words, it can’t be an animal one can see at the zoo. Nor can it be anything introduced within human habitation or expand range. For instance, the Mexican Long-Nosed Armadillo might seem like a great cute animal to represent Texas but its presence in the United States only dates to the 19th century. Thus, the animal must be native to its representative state.

In this post, we’ll meet a little beach mouse from Alabama, a couple of foxes in Alaska and California, a little owl in Arizona, an iconic songbird in Arkansas, a Rocky Mountain potato in Colorado, a rabbit in Connecticut, a little shorebird in Delaware, a celebrated marine mammal in Florida, and a unique little duck in Georgia.

  1. Alabama

Alabama Beach Mouse (Peromyscus polionotus ammobates)

Why the Cutest: It’s 3 inches long with big eyes and large ears. Nonetheless, it’s one of the more unique critters found in Alabama, even if it’s one that’s not as often seen there.

Lifespan: Usually 9 months in the wild and up to 6 years in captivity. Key predators are domestic and wild cats, domestic dogs, foxes, great horned owls, blue herons, raccoons, birds, and snakes.

Location and Habitat: It primarily lives within its Gulf Coast. Often lives in frontal scrub or sand dunes.

Diet: Often comprises of seeds and fruits from coastal plants like sea oats and beach grass along with occasional insects.

Behavior: Has lifelong monogamous pairs that often produce 3-4 offspring per litter. It also digs underground burrows for shelter and food storage. Nocturnal and generally avoids humans, buildings, and trash.

Conservation Status: Currently listed as Endangered due to coastal buildings, hurricanes, and loss of dunes. Protected by state and federal laws found in areas like Bon Secour National Wildlife Refuge and Gulf State Park.

Trivia: Often spreads and buries seeds in its home range, which help grow plants that stabilize the sand dunes.

Other Candidates: Perdido Key Beach Mouse, Southern Flying Squirrel, Eastern Chipmunk, and Appalachian Cottontail.

2. Alaska

Arctic Fox (Vulpes lagopus)

Why the Cutest: Its fluffy white winter coat, short muzzle, rounded ears, furry paws, and bright, dark, expressive eyes makes it look like a small puppy dog anyone would want to pet (even in its summer coat) or a floating cloud of fur. Still, when it comes to cute animals, Alaska is one of the most wildlife-rich states with plenty of competition. But the Arctic fox stands out because its cuteness embodies the state’s characteristic Arctic spirit.

Lifespan: In the wild most usually don’t live past their first year. But should a fox cub be lucky to reach adulthood, it can expect to live for 3 or 4 years. However, some exceptional ones could live up to the ripe old age of 11. While the oldest recorded age was 16. Predators include domestic dogs, golden eagles, bald eagles, snowy owls, hawks, Arctic wolves, polar bears, wolverines, red foxes, and brown bears.

Location and Habitat: Live in the Arctic regions of the Northern Hemisphere within the Arctic tundra. In Alaska, it can reside from treeless coastal tundra and pack ice as well as rocky coastline cliffs from the Aleutian Islands to Utqiagvik and the Canadian border. Known to migrate toward sea ice in the winter and returns inland during the spring.

Diet: Has a large varied omnivorous diet. Preys on lemmings, voles, ringed seal pups, fish, waterfowl, and seabirds. Also eats carrion, berries, seaweed, insects, and other small invertebrates.

Behavior: They form monogamous pairs during the breeding season (usually in April and May) and stay together to raise their young in complex underground dens. But both females and males can be promiscuous if there are abundant prey and predators present. Other family members may occasionally assist in raising the pups. Can produce between 3-25 pups at a time.

Conservation Status: Although listed as Least Concern, they do face significant threat in certain areas in its own range due to climate change, habitat loss, competition with other animals such as the red fox, disease, and other factors.

Trivia: It sheds twice a year switching between a short, brown and cream, lighter summer coat and a long, thicker, white winter coat (actually twice as long as its summer coat. Come in white and blue morphs. Winter coat provides the best insulation of any mammal. Also possesses exceptional hearing to locate prey under the snow.

Other Candidates: Sea Otter, Horned Puffin, Tuffed Puffin, Collared Pika, Lemming, Boreal Chickadee, and Red Fox.

3. Arizona

Elf Owl (Micrathene whitneyi)

Madera Canyon 20120429

Why the Cutest: Arizona has no shortage of cute critters. But the elf owl stands out because Arizona is its primary American residence. It’s also the world’s smallest bird of prey that’s only 5-6 inches tall and weighing at 1.4 oz which is similar to a sparrow. Helps if males make cute, puppy-like yipping noises to defend their territory and attract mates. Other cuteness features include big yellow eyes, soft plumage, and feisty personality.

Lifespan: Usually live from 3-6 years in the wild but can live up to 10 in captivity. Common causes of death are predation, exposure, and intra-species competition. Predators are usually jays, hawks, and bigger owls.

Location and Habitat: Resides in the Southwestern US and Mexico, spending spring and summer in the former and winter in the latter. Often found in arid deserts, canyon woodlands, and brushy terrain.

Diet: Primarily hunts insects, particularly flying ones. But it will also occasionally feed on small mammals, reptiles, and birds.

Behavior: Nests in old woodpecker holes in saguaro cacti or trees and are notoriously territorial. Like most owls, it is nocturnal. Is usually monogamous during the breeding season (usually laying between 1-5 eggs) and typically remains in breeding pairs as parents with the mom watching over the kids and the dad constantly out hunting for the whole family. This lasts until spring (such as late March to early May) to as late as July. But can be found in small groups during the Mexican migration season and when mobbing predators.

Conservation Status: Although listed as Least Concern, their populations have significantly declined due to habitat loss thanks to human development and introduction of invasive species, particularly in California. It’s said that there are fewer than 150,000 in the United States.

Trivia: Removes the stinger from scorpions before eating them. Can play dead when handled, an adaptation that encourages a predator to relax its grip so the owl could escape. Males and females have distinct vocalizations with the former having a more complex repertoire than the latter.

Other Candidates: Coatimundi, Kit Fox, Ringtail, Sonoran Desert Toad, and Javelina.

4. Arkansas

Eastern Bluebird (Sialia sialis)

Why the Cutest: It is a 6.3-8.3 inch songbird and ball of colorful fluff has been a longtime favorite of birders since colonial days. Males have a deep royal blue head and back with a rusty orange breast. It also has a large round head, big dark eyes, and quiet, calm posture when perched. While it makes soft, waroling, musical call instead of harsh chirps. Since Arkansas isn’t known to have many distinctive critters to stand out, an American one would do just nicely.

Lifespan: Adults typically lives around 6-10 years though most usually die within the first year of life. Causes of death are often starvation, freezing, and predation. Predators include eastern chipmunks, flying squirrels, American black bears, fire ants, raccoons, rat snakes, eastern racers, American kestrels, falcons, owls, domestic cats, and hawks.

Location and Habitat: Found across the United States east of the Rocky Mountains, southern Canada, and parts of Central America. Northern groups move south for the winter. Southern populations reside in their home range all-year-round. Prefer to reside in open country, farms, pastures, roadside edges, parks, and golf courses with scattered trees.

Diet: Food intake depends on the season. During the spring and summer, it mostly eats insects like caterpillars, beetles, grasshoppers, and spiders. During the fall and winter, it shifts to eating wild berries, sumac, and small fruits.

Behavior: Typically nests in wooden tree hollows or wooden nest boxes because it can’t carve it own holes. Like most birds, it’s monogamous during breeding season and can lay up to 2-7 eggs per clutch as well as raise up to 3 broods a year. Also typically social, sometimes gathering in flocks of over a hundred.

Conservation Status: Once considered Endangered during much of the 20th century due to habitat loss and competition with invasive starlings and house sparrows and the presence of DDT. But populations rebounded thanks to the Bluebird Nesting Program. Today it’s listed as Least Concern. However, as far as backyard birding is concerned, they’re not exactly a type of bird you’d see every day.

Trivia: Perches on low posts or tree branches before dropping to the ground to catch prey. Has been popular with Americans since colonial times and often associated with the coming of spring.

Other Candidates: Eastern Chipmunk, Southern Flying Squirrel, North American River Otter, and Gray Fox.

5. California

Island Fox (Urocyon littoralis)

Why the Cutest: First, while California wildlife has a treasure trove of cute critters, the Island Fox is one that exclusively resides there. Second, when you first see an adult version of this cat-sized animal, you’d almost swear that it was just a gray fox pup that’s just left the den. It’s also generally docile, shows little fear of humans, and are easily tamed.

Lifespan: Usually live around 4-6 years in the wild and up to 8 years in captivity. Eagles are often its natural predators.

Location and Habitat: Lives on 6 of the 8 Channel Islands of California. Preferred habitat comprises of complex vegetation with perennially fruiting bushes. But it lives in most types of habitats like temperate forests, grasslands, and chaparrals.

Diet: Eats fruits, insects, eggs, land snails, crabs, lizards, amphibians, small mammals, and edible human garbage. Known for scavenging for food on the coastline.

Behavior: Is mostly a solitary animal and diurnal (though some nocturnal populations exist). Although they have complex communication dynamics such as vocalizations, body posture, facial expressions, and urination to mark territory. Typically form monogamous pairs from January and through the breeding season from late February to early March. Typical litters produce 1-5 pups with an average of 2 or 3.

Conservation Status: Currently classified as Near Threatened due to recovery efforts after facing significant declines in the 1990s that made them Critically Endangered. This was due to golden eagle predation, the presence of feral pigs that the National Park Service later eradicated on the Channel Islands, disease, and the introduction of invasive species. But in the last decade, Island Fox populations have recently rebounded but they’re not quite out the woods. Especially since climate change poses a significant threat to the species with rising temperatures, vegetation loss, drought, and wildfire frequency.

Trivia: Said to evolve from the larger mainland Gray Fox and has resided in the Channel Islands for over 7,000 years possibly with the assistance of human populations. Plays an important role by native Channel Islanders who semi-domesticated them as pets, for pelts, or other functions such as pest control. Skilled at climbing trees.

Other Candidates: Sea Otter, American Pika, Ringtail, and Narrow-Face Kangaroo Rat.

6. Colorado

American Pika (Ochotona princeps)

Why the Cutest: As Colorado is the Rocky Mountain State, the American Pika is an iconic Rocky Mountain critter. These Rocky Mountain potatoes resemble a hardy, fuzzy mountain mouse. They’re also vocal animals using a variety of calls and songs to warn of approaching predators and during breeding season.

Lifespan: Usually live around 3-7 years in the wild. Predators include eagles, hawks, coyotes, bobcats, cougars, foxes, and weasels.

Location and Habitat: Native to the mountainous regions of western North America, typically inhabiting rocky slopes and talus fields at or above the tree line.

Diet: It’s a generalist herbivore that eats a wide range of vegetation such as various sedges, grasses, thistles and fireweed.

Behavior: Doesn’t hibernate during the winter and is primarily active during the day. Doesn’t dig burrows but may enlarge existing in the talus to create shelter. Establishes dens and nests below rock surfaces. Forms mating pairs with those of the opposite sex in adjacent territory during breeding season before the snowmelt. Females have an average litter of 3 young and will only raise a second litter if the first fails to survive. Territorial defense often involves aggressive displays and confrontation are often rare, usually between same-sex neighbors who don’t know each other.

Conservation Status: Although it’s listed as Least Concern, its populations in the Southwest have been declining due to habitat loss and climate change.

Trivia: Forages through direct consumption and caching vegetation in so-called “hay piles” for the summer months. Despite resembling a chunky mouse, it’s actually more closely related to rabbits and hares.

Other Candidates: Black-Tailed Prairie Dog, Yellow-Bellied Marmot, and Red Fox.

7. Connecticut

New England Cottontail (Sylvilagus transitionalis)

Why the Cutest: It is New England’s only native rabbit. Furthermore, in 2013, Connecticut’s state government embarked on a project in Litchfield County to set aside significant amount of land for a meadowland and a second-growth forest that the rabbit needs. Has soft-gray and brown fur, rounded ears with distinct black margins, and a fluffy white tail. Helps if it bears a similar resemblance to the Eastern Cottontail. And who doesn’t love rabbits?

Lifespan: Usually live up to 3 years in the wild. That is if it’s among the 15% who survive its first year. Predators include weasels, domestic cats, domestic dogs, red foxes, fishers, birds of  prey, coyotes, bobcats, gray wolves, eastern cougars, wolverines, and Canada lynx.

Location and Habitat: Lives in fragmented populations across New England from southern Maine to Southern New York along with a small area in Quebec. Prefers woodlands of higher elevation and northern latitude. Thrives in early successional forests with a dense understory of thick, tangled scrubland or brushland vegetation.

Diet: Herbivorous with a diet based on the seasons. Spring and summer cuisine comprise of herbaceous plants like leaves, stems, wood, bark, flowers, fruits, and seeds from grasses and forbs. Fall and winter fare consists of mostly woody plants.

Behavior: Builds nests in depressions which it lines with grasses and fur and are often reluctant to leave cover, rarely straying 16 ft from shelter. Breeding season can range from January to September with females able to breed 2-3 times a year producing litters of 3-8. Form breeding groups of dominant females. Males perform courtship displays of running and jumping with them jumping over a female. Females often appear indifferent up to the point of being paired off and display dominance through nesting, birth, and nursing periods to avoid harassment by uninvolved males. Males have no investment in their young. Is shy   and mostly nocturnal.

Conservation Status: Currently listed as Vulnerable since 1996 due to reduction in suitable habitat, introduction of the Eastern Cottontail in the early 1900s which has taken over many areas, introduction of certain invasive plants like the multiflora rose, and increase density of the White-Tailed Deer.

Trivia: To avoid predators, it runs for cover, freeze, relies on camouflage, or runs in a zig-zag pattern to confuse its enemies.

Other Candidates: Eastern Chipmunk, Northern Flying Squirrel, North American River Otter, Black-Capped Chickadee, Red Fox, and Eastern Cottontail.

8. Delaware

Piping Plover (Charadrius melodus)

Why the Cutest: This little guy was featured in its very own Pixar short called Piper and for good reason. Even if the plover in question was only a chick. Having a large, round head, a short, thick neck, and a stubby bill, these stubby and sandy-colored balls of fluff also vocalize with soft, whistled peep peeps with their alarm call a soft pee-werp. Typically runs in short, quick spurts before stopping with fast, comical steps. Newborn chicks resemble walking puff balls on  spindly legs.

Lifespan: Usually live up to around 5-6 years, though some have been known to live as long as 11-14 or more. Even though most deaths occur within the first few weeks of life or during long migrations. Predators include crows, cats, raccoons, and foxes.

Location and Habitat: Lives in Atlantic coastal beaches and along the shores of the Great Lakes. Although it migrates to the southern Atlantic coast, the Gulf of Mexico, and the Caribbean during the winter. Sometimes even as south as Ecuador and Venezuela. Prefers to reside in open sand or gravel beaches, sand dunes, and barrier islands along the Atlantic Coast, Great Plains, and Great Lakes.

Diet: Mainly eats insects, marine worms, and crustaceans. Typically forages around the high tide wrack zones and along the water’s edge.

Behavior: Females lay 2-4 eggs inside shallow depressions (scrapes) dug in dirty sand, which males dig. Males also perform elaborate courtship ceremonies, including stone tossing and flights featuring repeated dives. If a female deems a male’s scrapes as sufficient, she will mate with him. Both males and females share in incubation duties and eggs usually hatch on the same day.

Conservation Status: Listed as Near Threatened due to historical feather hunting, ongoing habitat loss, and climate change. Conservation groups have used beach cordons, symbolic fencing, and educational outreach to help chicks survive. One area reserved for them is in Delaware’s Cape Henlopen State Park. But while recovery efforts yielded slow population growth, only some populations have met recovery goals set for them.

Trivia: Parents often pull off a “broken wing display” whenever a predator may threaten their chicks’ safety.  

Other Candidates: Delmarva Peninsula Fox Squirrel, North American River Otter, Gray Fox, Red Fox, Black-Capped Chickadee, and Harbor Seal.

9. Florida

West Indian Manatee (Trichechus manatus)

Why the Cutest: The West Indian Manatee is among Florida’s most iconic animals. Called the “sea cow,” its endearing with its chubby body, wrinkly, whiskered face, and slow, peaceful, sweet and curious personality. This makes the manatee seem to resemble a giant, friendly water potato. Baby manatees often look extra small and playful next to their mothers.

Lifespan: Typically lives around 30-40 years though can live up to 60 years in the wild. Oldest captive manatee was 69. Many die much younger due to human and environmental hazards. Has no natural predators.

Location and Habitat: Native to warm, coastal areas of the Caribbean from the eastern US to northern Brazil. Inhabit mostly shallow coastal areas, including rivers and estuaries. Have been spotted as far north as Massachusetts, as west as the Gulf Coast of Texas, and as far inland as Memphis, Tennessee. 

Diet: Feeds on aquatic plants like seagrass as a principal staple. But also eats grasses, roots, leaves, and algae. Grazes up to 4-5 hours a day. Though some individuals do eat the occasional marine invertebrate but often inadvertently.

Behavior: Is often solitary but aggregate in warm water habitats and form breeding herds with larger and older males often dominating. Yet, they don’t form permanent pair bonds males contribute no parental care for the calves. Females usually give birth to one calf though twins can occur. Calves stay close to their mothers though.

Conservation Status: Classified as Near Threatened due to historical exploitation, watercraft collisions, loss of warm-water habitat, harmful algae blooms, entanglement, entrapment, and ingestion of debris. Although populations in Florida have increased due to conservation efforts but intervention needs to be continued.

Trivia: Uses its whiskers to navigate through the water. Can withstand major changes in salinity so can be found in both freshwater and saltwater. Since it eats abrasive plants, their molars are often worn down and replaced many times throughout its life. Can grow up to 13ft long and weigh up to 1,300lbs.

Other Candidates: Key Deer, Bottlenose Dolphin, North American River Otter, and Burrowing Owl.

10. Georgia

Ruddy Duck (Oxyura jamaicensis)

Why the Cutest: With its small, chunky shape with a thick neck and oversized, spiky tail cocked straight up, the ruddy duck is a charming bird in American waterways. The bright chestnut-red male has a black and white had and sports a vivid blue bill, making it look like a ducky cartoon character. It’s often aggressive and beats bubbles during courtship. So it’s no wonder that it’s considered as one of the cutest waterfowl.

Lifespan: Usually lives 2-3 years in the wild, though oldest recorded lifespan was 13 years. Can live up to 20 years in the wild. Causes of death are predation and hunting. Predators include minks, raccoons, red foxes, red-tailed hawks, and great horned owls.

Location and Habitat: Lives in North and Central America. Resides primarily in freshwater marshes, prairie ponds, lakes, and reservoirs. Migrate to coastal bays in unfrozen lakes and ponds.

Diet: Primarily eats aquatic insects, crustaceans, small mollusks, and plant seeds.

Behavior: Known for being fiercely aggressive and pugnacious during the breeding season, sometimes even chasing small animals near the water’s edge. Males produce a distinct drumming sound by beating their lower bill on their chest. Done hard enough, this drumming that often swirls of bubbles appear in the water in a process called “bubbling” which could be done while confronting other meals or courting a female. Nest I n dense marsh thickets near water with females building nests out of grass within tall vegetation to hide from predators. Females lay remarkably large eggs relative to their body size, often 5-15 of them. Yet, while the male protects the female during incubation, he takes no part in duckling rearing. Ducklings are highly independent, able to swim and dive within the first day of hatching. Females could also lay their eggs in other nests.

Conservation Status: Classified as Least Concern and is considered invasive outside the US, particularly in Great Britain.

Trivia: Has short wings relative to its body size, meaning it needs to start running across the water’s surface to take flight. Is an expert diver that propels itself with large feet to forage underwater.

Other Candidates: North American River Otter, Gray Fox, Southern Flying Squirrel, Black-Capped Chickadee, and Virginia Opossum.